As of 2023, China has a total of 14 national-level supercomputing centers.
The China Academy of Information and Communications Technology (referred to as "CAICT") released the "China Computing Power Center Service Provider Analysis Report (2024)" this month.
The report points out that in terms of overall scale, as of 2023, the total scale of racks in use at computing power centers across the country has exceeded 8.1 million standard racks, with a total computing power scale reaching 230EFLOPS, ranking second in the world.
It is expected that over the next five years, the Chinese computing power center service market will continue to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 18.9%, with the market size expected to reach 307.5 billion yuan in 2027.
In 2023, the rapid development of technologies such as general artificial intelligence (AGI) represented by ChatGPT, cloud computing, and industrial internet has led to a burst of diverse computing power demands, promoting the rapid growth trend of the computing power infrastructure industry represented by computing power centers, providing effective market traction for the development of different types and forms of computing power centers such as general, intelligent, supercomputing, and edge, bringing the digital market to a new level of larger scale, stronger computing power, and more professional services.
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At the same time, in recent years, the state has issued a series of policies for computing power centers, clarifying the direction for the collaborative and integrated development of computing power centers and promoting the continuous optimization of the national computing power center industry layout. The national "dual carbon" strategy has been proposed, which clearly requires energy-saving and emission reduction, demanding the green development of computing power centers.
Driven by market demand and policy benefits, China's computing power center industry is evolving from high-speed development to high-quality development. On the one hand, the industry is developing new trends such as cluster layout, low-carbon construction, and service-oriented computing power, which will expand new space for the development and service model innovation of China's computing power center market. On the other hand, the rapid development of technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence has laid a solid technical foundation for the development of intelligent computing centers and supercomputing centers, promoting the development of computing power centers to a higher level.At present, the main participants in China's computing power center market are the three major basic telecommunications operators, computing power center service providers, and cloud computing companies. The three major basic telecommunications operators are China Telecom, China Unicom, and China Mobile, which have core network resources, abundant bandwidth resources, and machine room resources spread across the country, as well as a rich ecosystem of corporate customers and partners. However, computing power center services are not their core business.
Computing power center service providers, represented by companies such as GDS Holdings, Qinhu Data, and 21Vianet, obtain computing power center machine room resources through self-construction or leasing, and obtain bandwidth and other communication resources from basic telecommunications operators, and then provide in-depth computing power center services to users. Compared with basic telecommunications operators, computing power center service providers have strong operation and maintenance capabilities, a variety of value-added services, fast response speed, and can shorten the construction period through modular and standardized machine room design, which can more quickly meet the needs of enterprises, and provide more in-depth and flexible comprehensive computing power center services. At present, they have become the main participants and drivers of investment in the computing power center industry.
The report mentioned that the scale and number of China's computing power center construction continue to rise. Benefiting from the development opportunities of "new infrastructure" and "eastern data and western computing," as well as the explosive growth of computing power demand, the scale of China's computing power center construction continues to expand. According to statistics from the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology, the compound annual growth rate of the number of machine racks in use in China is about 30%. As of 2023, the scale of computing power center machine racks has grown steadily, with the total scale of computing power center machine racks in use across the country exceeding 8.1 million standard racks, and the total computing power reaching 230EFLOPS, ranking second in the world, and the construction of computing power infrastructure has achieved significant results.
Under the dual drive of market supply and demand, the scale of China's computing power center market continues to grow. With the widespread application of digital technologies such as artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and blockchain, the importance of computing power center construction and integration quality is continuously increasing, the demand for computing power centers is rapidly increasing, and the service market scale continues to expand.
According to IDC, an international consulting agency, in the next five years, China's computing power center service market will continue to grow at a compound growth rate of 18.9%, and the market scale is expected to reach 307.5 billion yuan in 2027.
Intelligent computing power has surpassed basic computing power to become the main driving force for the growth of China's computing power scale. According to the statistics of the Information and Communications Technology Academy, as of the end of June 2023, the proportion of China's intelligent computing power scale in the overall computing power scale has increased to 25.4%, more than a quarter, and the intelligent computing power scale has grown by 45% year-on-year, which is 15 percentage points higher than the overall growth rate of the computing power scale. With the rapid development of AI large models, the demand for intelligent computing power is showing an explosive growth trend, and intelligent computing power is expected to grow more rapidly in the future, with an expected proportion of 35% by 2025.
China's supercomputing center market scale leads the world. China attaches great importance to scientific and technological innovation and has continuously made breakthroughs in supercomputing technology. The supercomputers independently developed have repeatedly ranked at the forefront of the world's top 500 supercomputers. According to the data of the 56th TOP500 list of global supercomputers, the number of supercomputers deployed in China continues to rank first in the world, reaching 226, accounting for more than 45% of the total share. As of 2023, China has a total of 14 national supercomputing centers, located in Tianjin, Shenzhen, Changsha, Jinan, Guangzhou, Wuxi, Zhengzhou, Kunshan, Chengdu, Xi'an, Taiyuan, Chongqing, and Wuzhen.
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